Abstract A lectin from the marine sponge Haliclona (Reniera) implexiformis (HiL) was isolated by affinity chromatography on Sepharose™ matrix. HiL showed specificity for galactose and its derivatives. The glycoproteins porcine stomach mucin (PSM) and bovine stomach mucin (BSM) were potent inhibitors. Hemagglutinating activity of the lectin was maximal between pH 5.0 and 9.0. The lectin remained active until 60°C. The presence of CaCl2 and EDTA did not affect the hemagglutinating activity. In SDS-PAGE, HiL showed a single band of 20 kDa under reduced conditions, whereas in the non-reducing conditions, it showed a band of 20 kDa and one additional band of 36 kDa. The average molecular mass determined by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) was 35.874 ± 2 Da in native and non-reducing conditions, whereas carboxyamidomethylated-lectin showed 18,111 Da. These data indicated that HiL consists in a dimer formed by identical subunits linked by disulfide bonds. Partial amino acid sequence of HiL was determined by mass spectrometry, and revealed that it is a new type of lectin, which showed no similarity with any protein. Secondary structure consisted of 6% α-helice, 31% β-sheet, 18% β-turn and 45% random coil. HiL showed significant reduction in the number of viable cells of Staphylococcus biofilms.

Abstract A new lectin from marine sponge Ircinia strobilina, denominated IsL, was isolated by combination of affinity chromatography in Guar gum matrix followed by size exclusion chromatography. IsL was able to agglutinate native and enzymatically treated rabbit erythrocytes, being inhibited by galactosides, such as α-methyl-D-galactopyranoside, β-methyl-D-galactopyranoside and α-lactose. IsL hemagglutinating activity was stable at neutral to alkaline pH, however the lectin loses its activity at 40° C. The molecular mass determinated by mass spectrometry was 13.655 ± 5 Da. Approximately 40% of the primary structure of IsL was determined by mass spectrometry, but no similarity was observed with any protein. The secondary structure of IsL consists of 28% α-helix, 26% β-sheet, and 46% random region, as determined by dichroism circular. IsL was a calcium-dependent lectin, but no significant variations were observed by circular dichroism when IsL was incubated in presence of calcium and EDTA. IsL was not toxic against Artemia nauplii and did not have antimicrobial activity against bacterial cells. However, the IsL was able to significantly inhibit the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

La ruptura del ligamento cruzado craneal (RLCC) se caracteriza por la laceración parcial o total del ligamento cruzado craneal. Pacientes con laceraciones agudas del ligamento (parcial o total) presentan claudicación aguda con incapacidad total o parcial de sustentación del peso en el miembro afectado. La terapia clínica con principios conservadores debe ser empleada previamente al tratamiento quirúrgico. La tepoxalina es un antiinflamatorio no esteroidal, indicado en la reducción de procesos inflamatorios y alivio del dolor causado por perturbaciones músculo-esqueléticas agudas y crónicas. Este medicamento promueve el bloqueo balanceado de la ruptura del ácido araquidónico por las vías de la lipoxigenasa y cicloxigenasa de la cascada de la inflamación. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo evaluar la eficacia clínica del uso de la tepoxalina en el tratamiento conservativo de la RLLC, por medio de test clínicos específicos, examen radiográfico y análisis citológico del líquido articular. Diez perros con RLCC, machos y hembras, fueron incluidos en este estudio y recibieron dosis diarias de 10 mg/kg de tepoxalina durante veintiocho días. La evaluación de la claudicación, los test de arco de movimiento en extensión máxima y dígito-presión, así como el análisis del líquido articular después del período de tratamiento, permitieron concluir la eficacia de la tepoxalina en el tratamiento conservativo de la RLCC. Su uso posibilitó el retorno a la deambulación normal en todos los casos tratados, siendo considerada una opción más de AINE para el tratamiento conservativo de esta artropatía.

The rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCLR) characterizes itself for a partial or a total laceration of the cranial cruciate ligament. Patients with ligament (partial or total) acute laceration present acute lameness, with total or partial incapacity of sustentation of their weight on the affected leg. The clinic therapy with conservative drugs must be used previously to the surgical treatment. The tepoxalin, a no steroid anti-inflammatory can be indicate in the reduction of the inflammatory process and relieve of the pain, caused by acute and chronic musculoskeletal disturbances. It promotes a balanced blockade of the brake of the arachidonic acid by the lipoxygenase and cycloxigenase rote of the inflammatory cascade. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the tepoxalin efficiency in CCLR conservative treatment, though specific clinical test, radiographic exams, and cytological analysis of the articular liquid. Ten dogs with CCLR, between male and female were enclosed on this study and they received a dose of 10mg/kg of tepoxalin daily. The lameness, arc movements test in maximum extension of the leg and digit pressure, as well as, the articular liquid analysis after 28 days of treatment, allow to conclude the effectiveness of the tepoxalin in the CCLR conservative treatment. It promoted the return to the normal deambulation in all treated cases, and it can be considerate one more option of AINE on the treatment of this artropathy